India or America? The Battle Behind Apple’s Global Production Strategy

Apple faces pressure from Trump to boost U.S. iPhone production while expanding in India. Can it balance both amid rising costs and supply chain shifts?

Introduction

Hey, here’s something important for anyone following global tech manufacturing. Apple’s big plans to expand its production in India might hit some serious bumps.

US President Donald Trump has openly warned Apple to stop building factories in India and focus on making products in America instead.

This isn’t just a casual comment — it reflects growing tension between US domestic priorities and global supply chain shifts.

Let’s break down what’s happening and why it matters.

President Trump’s remarks highlight a strong push for “Made in America” policies, urging US companies to keep manufacturing jobs domestic and limit expansion in countries like India.

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5-Point Overview:

Trump’s Directive: Trump wants Apple to prioritize US manufacturing over India.

Meeting with Tim Cook: Trump directly confronted Apple’s CEO on the India strategy.

Tariff Tensions: Trump criticizes India’s high tariffs on US goods.

Apple’s India Expansion: Apple’s production in India has surged since 2020.

Challenges Ahead: Will Apple bow to US pressure or stay the course in India?

Trump’s Bold Warning to Apple

During a business meeting with leaders from the US and Qatar, President Trump made a clear demand to Apple CEO Tim Cook. Trump doesn’t want Apple ramping up production in India to serve global markets.

Tim, you’re my friend, and I’ve treated you very well. You’re coming here with a $500 billion announcement, and now I hear you’re building all over India. I don’t want you building in India,” Trump said bluntly.

Trump’s comments also targeted India’s tariffs, calling the country “one of the highest tariff nations in the world.” According to Trump, India allegedly offered to drop some tariffs on US goods—a claim that Indian officials have yet to confirm.

techovedas.com/iphone-15-made-in-india-india-takes-a-bite-out-of-apples-china-production/

The Semiconductor Talent Shortage

The U.S. semiconductor industry is facing a critical shortage of workers, which could impact innovation and manufacturing. By 2030, the U.S. could face a shortage of 67,000 workers in this field, despite efforts to boost production.

Currently, the workforce stands at 345,000 employees, but the demand is rising sharply, with the need for 115,000 additional workers.

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Apple’s Manufacturing Shift: From China to India

Apple started expanding its manufacturing base in India back in 2020. The goal? To reduce reliance on China amid the US-China trade war.

India’s government jumped in with a Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, offering substantial subsidies to companies boosting local production.

Apple, along with its contract manufacturers—Foxconn, Pegatron, and Tata Electronics—has since received approximately ₹6,600 crore ($800 million) in PLI incentives.

Today, Apple’s production a variety of iPhone models in India, including the high-end Pro versions. The table below outlines key milestones in Apple’s India expansion:

YearDevelopmentOutcome
2020Initial production shiftBegan with iPhone 11 models
2021PLI incentives announced₹2,300 crore received
2023Pro models addedExpanded to iPhone 14 Pro and Pro Max
2025Trump’s warningUncertain impact on future plans

techovedas.com/china-responds-to-trumps-10-tariff-proposal-with-20-price-cut-on-domestic-products

What’s at Stake? The Challenges Ahead

Trump’s directive to Apple isn’t just a passing remark—it’s a potential game-changer. Here’s what’s at stake:

Political Pressure: Trump’s “America First” agenda might force Apple to increase US-based production, but that comes with higher costs.

Supply Chain Disruptions: Apple’s supply chain is complex and relies on global manufacturing hubs. Scaling back in India could disrupt production schedules.

PLI Incentives at Risk: Apple has invested billions in India based on government incentives. Reducing output could mean losing those financial benefits.

Trade Tensions: The US-China trade deal is still evolving. If tariffs on Chinese goods drop, Apple might reconsider its India strategy.

Market Access: India is one of the fastest-growing smartphone markets. Pulling back could mean losing ground to competitors like Samsung and Xiaomi.

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Foxconn and Semiconductor Investment in India

Apple’s main supplier, Foxconn, is expanding operations in India. Reuters reports India’s cabinet approved a $435 million semiconductor manufacturing facility. Foxconn and India’s HCL Group will jointly develop the plant.

This investment boosts India’s position in the global electronics supply chain and supports Apple’s strategy to build resilient, diversified manufacturing.

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Apple’s Production & Investment Overview

MetricData/EstimateSource
iPhones made in India (2025)$22 billion in annual assemblyBloomberg
Year-over-year growth in India60% increaseBloomberg
Apple’s U.S. investment plan$500 billion over 4 yearsCNBC
New U.S. jobs planned20,000CNBC
Foxconn-HCL India semiconductor plant$435 million investmentReuters
Estimated cost of U.S.-made iPhone$1,500 – $3,500Mydrivers

Why This Matters

Apple’s move to India signals a big shift in global tech manufacturing.

Companies worldwide want to diversify away from China because of tariffs and geopolitical tensions. India offers a huge market, lower costs, and government incentives.

But with Trump urging Apple to focus on US jobs, this global balancing act becomes more complicated. Apple must weigh the benefits of India’s growing ecosystem against political pressure at home.

techovedas.com/trumps-tariffs-americas-economic-woes-after-100-days

Conclusion

So, what does this all mean? Apple faces a tough choice: expand in India to reduce China risk or heed US calls to boost domestic manufacturing.

For India, keeping Apple’s investments is crucial for its manufacturing dreams. For the US, it’s about protecting and growing homegrown jobs.

The next few months will be critical to see how Apple navigates this tightrope between two powerful countries. Stay tuned, because this story is far from over.

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Kumar Priyadarshi
Kumar Priyadarshi

Kumar Joined IISER Pune after qualifying IIT-JEE in 2012. In his 5th year, he travelled to Singapore for his master’s thesis which yielded a Research Paper in ACS Nano. Kumar Joined Global Foundries as a process Engineer in Singapore working at 40 nm Process node. Working as a scientist at IIT Bombay as Senior Scientist, Kumar Led the team which built India’s 1st Memory Chip with Semiconductor Lab (SCL).

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